Aquarium glossary

Allelopathy

Coral chemical warfare
DefinitionAllelopathy is the chemical warfare between corals - releasing terpenoid compounds that suppress competitors. Common in mixed reef tanks where soft corals (especially Sarcophyton) inhibit SPS growth.

In depth

Allelopathy is why mixed reef tanks fight each other. Aggressors: Sarcophyton (toadstool), Sinularia (finger leather), Cladiella (colt) release diterpenes that suppress SPS coral growth + zooxanthellae. Symptoms: SPS lose color, slow or stop growing, polyps stay retracted near offending soft corals. Mitigation: 1) carbon dosing constantly (replace every 2-3 weeks). 2) ozone (advanced). 3) heavy water changes. 4) physical separation - keep softies + SPS in separate tanks or opposite ends of long tanks. Reverse aggression: SPS like Acropora release nematocysts via sweeper tentacles + acid stings - dominate softies in close contact. Mixed reef solution: dedicate the tank to ONE coral type + accept the loss of variety. Or run aggressive carbon + frequent water changes if mixing.

Reviewed by the Fast Aquatics husbandry team · Updated May 2026

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Aquarium-keeping fundamentals

Whatever specific topic brought you here, four fundamentals govern long-term aquarium success: water quality, parameter stability, biological filtration, and species-appropriate husbandry. Skip any one and the others struggle to compensate.

Water quality: ammonia + nitrite at zero, nitrate under 30 ppm freshwater + 10 ppm reef. Test weekly with API or Salifert kits. Use our water parameter checker to score your readings against your tank type.

Parameter stability: stable wrong parameters beat fluctuating ideal parameters. Most fish tolerate a wide pH range if it's stable. Sudden swings of 0.4+ pH or 5+°F kill fish faster than chronic suboptimal values. Use temperature controllers (Inkbird) + automated dosing for consistency.

Biological filtration: the bacterial colony on your filter media + rock + substrate is the engine. Never replace all media at once. Use our filter turnover calculator to size correctly.

Species-appropriate husbandry: research adult size, territoriality, diet, and tankmate compatibility before purchase. Use our tank stocking calculator + compatibility guides.

Frequently asked questions

How long does an aquarium take to set up? 4-6 weeks for full cycling + first stocking. Use our cycle ETA calculator + how long does cycling take.

What's the best aquarium for beginners? 20-gallon long. Big enough for parameter stability, small enough for budget + space. See beginner picks.

How often should I do water changes? 25-30% weekly. See water change frequency Q&A + water change calculator.

Why does my fish keep dying? 5 leading causes: uncycled tank, wrong species pairings, no quarantine, undersized tank, neglected water-change schedule. See full diagnosis.

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